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Pharmacological interventions for self‐harm in adults

Witt KG, et al. (2020)

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - 10.1002/14651858.CD013669.pub2.

Evidence Categories

  • Care setting: Healthcare Setting
  • Population group: Adults
  • Population group: Past history of suicide attempts or self harm
  • Intervention: Indicated intervention: Pharmacological interventions
  • Outcome: Suicide
  • Outcome: Self harm

Type of Evidence

Systematic Review

Aims

The authors state: "This review therefore updates a previous Cochrane Review (last published in 2015) on the role of pharmacological interventions for SH in adults."

Findings

The authors state: "We included data from seven trials with a total of 574 participants. Participants in these trials were predominately female (63.5%) with a mean age of 35.3 years (standard deviation (SD) 3.1 years). It is uncertain if newer generation antidepressants reduce repetition of SH compared to placebo (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.29 to 1.19; N = 129; k = 2; very low‐certainty evidence). There may be a lower rate of SH repetition for antipsychotics (21%) as compared to placebo (75%) (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.50; N = 30; k = 1; low‐certainty evidence). However, there was no evidence of a difference between antipsychotics compared to another comparator drug/dose for repetition of SH (OR 1.51, 95% CI 0.50 to 4.58; N = 53; k = 1; low‐certainty evidence). There was also no evidence of a difference for mood stabilisers compared to placebo for repetition of SH (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.33 to 2.95; N = 167; k = 1; very low‐certainty evidence), or for natural products compared to placebo for repetition of SH (OR 1.33, 95% CI 0.38 to 4.62; N = 49; k = 1; lo‐ certainty) evidence."

Conclusions

The authors state: "Given the low or very low quality of the available evidence, and the small number of trials identified, there is only uncertain evidence regarding pharmacological interventions in patients who engage in SH. More and larger trials of pharmacotherapy are required, preferably using newer agents. These might include evaluation of newer atypical antipsychotics. Further work should also include evaluation of adverse effects of pharmacological agents. Other research could include evaluation of combined pharmacotherapy and psychological treatment."