Sylwer fod y cymhwysiad hwn dan ddatblygiad. Os ydych chi'n gweld unrhyw gamgymeriadau neu os nad yw rhywbeth yn gweithio, cysylltwch â ni yn evidence.service@wales.nhs.uk.
Adolygiad Cwmpasu
Mae'r awduron yn datgan. "To systematically review the benefits and harms of primary care-relevant interventions to prevent illicit and nonmedical drug use in children, adolescents, and young adults to inform the United States Preventive Services Task Force. "
Mae'r awduron yn datgan. "We identified 29 trials (N=18,353) that met our inclusion criteria. Twenty-six of the trials focused on nonpregnant youth covering ages 10 through 24 years, collectively, and are referred to as “general prevention” trials. Health outcomes were reported in 16 of the general prevention trials, but no single outcome was widely reported and most showed no group differences. Some of the general prevention interventions reduced illicit and nonmedical drug use; however, results were inconsistent across the body of literature and the pooled effect did not show a statistically significant association with illicit drug use (pooled SMD=-0.08 [95% CI, −0.16 to 0.001], k=24 [from 23 studies], n=12,801, I2=57.0%), pooling a wide range of outcomes (e.g., any use, frequency of use, score on a continuous use scale). Among 26 general prevention trials reporting any use of either cannabis or all drugs, the absolute percent of participants using illicit drugs ranged from 2.3 to 38.6 percent in the control groups and 2.4 to 33.7 percent in the intervention groups at followup ranging from 3 to 32 months, and the median absolute risk difference between groups was −2.8 percent, favoring the intervention group (range, −11.5% to +14.8%). When examining the change in total number of times illicit drugs were used in the previous 3 months, the pooled mean difference between groups was −0.21 times (95% CI, −0.44 to 0.02, k=11, n=3651, I2=51.0%). The remaining three trials provided an intensive, multitarget, perinatal home-visiting intervention to pregnant Native American youth (Family Spirit intervention). Only one of the Family Spirit trials (the largest, best-quality of the three) found a reduction in depression, externalizing behaviors, and illicit drug use, only at the last (38-month) followup for most outcomes. Across all 29 trials, only one trial reported on harms, a Family Spirit trial, and found no group differences, after controlling for contact time. Two general prevention trials reported statistically significantly higher illicit drug use in the intervention group at followup."
Mae'r awduron yn datgan. "We found low strength of evidence on the benefits of behavioral counseling interventions to prevent illicit and nonmedical substance use in young people due to inconsistency and imprecision of findings. Health, social, and legal outcomes were sparsely reported and few showed improvement. Some interventions were associated with reductions in illicit and nonmedical drug use; however, others showed no benefit and two found paradoxical increases in use."